Ocimum basilicum Sweet, commonly known as Sweet Basil, is a popular annual herb prized for its aromatic, glossy green leaves and rich, sweet flavour. It produces small white flowers in summer, though pinching these back encourages more vigorous leaf growth. Widely used in culinary dishes—particularly Mediterranean cuisine—this basil is a must-have for kitchen gardens and edible landscapes.
Ideal for herb, potager, and container gardens, it also works well in borders where its scent and lush foliage can be appreciated up close.
Plant in full sun in rich, well-drained soil with regular moisture. Protect from frost and harvest leaves regularly to promote bushy growth. Space plants approximately 25–30 cm apart for healthy airflow.
Mature size: Grows 30–60 cm high and spreads 30–40 cm wide.
Trimming: Regularly pinch or trim the tips of stems to encourage bushy growth and prevent early flowering. Harvest leaves frequently, taking no more than one-third of the plant at a time to maintain vigour.
Deadheading: Remove flower buds as soon as they appear to prolong leaf production and improve flavour. Flowering signals the end of the plant’s leafy growth phase.
Fertilising: Feed with a balanced liquid fertiliser every 2–4 weeks during the growing season. Avoid over-fertilising, as this can reduce essential oil concentration and flavour.
Watering: Water regularly to keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Basil is sensitive to drying out, particularly in hot weather or containers. Mulching can help retain moisture.
Pest Control: Watch for aphids, whiteflies, and slugs. Hand-pick pests where possible, or use insecticidal soap for larger infestations. Keep foliage dry to discourage pests.
Disease Management: Prone to downy mildew and fungal leaf spots in humid conditions. Ensure good air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and remove any infected leaves promptly. Use a natural fungicide if necessary.
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